152/2018 | Call
Organiser: Antoni Furio (Department of Medieval History, Valencia University)
Rural History 2019, 10-13 September 2019, Paris, France
Deadline for paper proposals: 15 December 2018
Call for Papers:
Rural History 2019 panel proposal
Innovative peasants. Land property, investment, work and agrarian change in late Middle Ages
The rural history of the late Middle Ages has been traditionally distorted by prejudices and common places that, despite having been fought and dismantled by the medievalists for a long time, continue to be very resistant. One is that of an autarchic Middle Ages, closed in on itself, characterized by self-consumption and technical stagnation. What has been denied by the research carried out in the last twenty or thirty years, in particular by the British historiography, which has shown the extent of the commercialization of the late medieval English society. The other is that of a passive peasant, averse to risk and innovation. Most of the studies on technical and productive progress and, in general, on agrarian change have focused on lords and ‘capitalist’ entrepreneurs (England) and on citizens and urban owners (Low Countries, Northern Italy), totally neglecting the role of peasants, unable to promote or implement such advancements, from the improvement and extension of irrigation systems to the introduction of new, more commercial crops.
This panel intends, on the contrary, to focus on the initiative of the peasants in the implementation of such progress. Peasants were not insensitive to the stimuli of the market and tried to orient agricultural production towards commercialisation and the benefits that this entailed. The panel proposes first to study the peasant property, whether free or allodial as that held in tenure (emphyteusis), and the possibilities that the regime of possession of the land granted to the peasant at the time of selling, bequeathing, yielding, mortgaging the land, faced with the limitations that leasing and sharecropping entailed. Secondly, investments in money and labour by peasants will be examined in order to apply technical and productive improvements. In particular, the role of peasants in the management of irrigation systems, in their extension and improvement, and in the introduction of new crops, more clearly commercial, will be studied.
All this in order to provide a more nuanced vision of the peasants’ contribution to the agrarian change and end with a view that presents them as the bastions of the agricultural stagnation, reluctant to any kind of change. If possible, the panel will also address the different trajectories or ways followed by England, the Low Countries, Italy, France and Spain in the transition from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern period.
We welcome paper proposals that discuss cases from different regions. Proposals of about 250 words should be sent to the convener together with a short CV. The deadline is December 15, 2018. We will inform you about our decision by January 7, 2019.
Antoni Furio, antoni.furio@uv.es
Conference website: http://ruralhistory2019.ehess.fr
RHN 153/2018 | Call
Organisers: Jordi Planas (University of Barcelona) and Anton Schuurman (Wageningen University)
Rural History 2019, 10-13 September 2019, Paris, France
Deadline for paper proposals: 15 November 2018
Call for Papers:
Rural History 2019 panel proposal
Organized capitalism within agriculture: Agricultural associations and state intervention in the European agriculture, 1880s-1930s
Since the late nineteenth-century crisis, the state intervention in European agricultural markets expanded involving many areas: governments used not only trade policy to protect domestic markets, but they also introduced many regulations affecting quality, quantity and prices in domestic markets, and they promoted innovations to make agricultural producers more competitive. The First World War and the 1930s crisis made much more urgent the need of supportive farm policies and led to a general setback of free markets and a growing role of the state in agriculture. From the late nineteenth-century crisis there was a growing social mobilization in the countryside, with the diffusion of agricultural associations (landowners associations, farmers unions, specialized crop producers’ associations, cooperatives, …) that led to a much more organized rural society.
In this panel we aim to discuss the interaction between agricultural organizations and policy makers in Europe in a period (between two agricultural crisis) when specific agricultural policies started to be implemented. We would like to shed some light in the role of agricultural associations in demanding and/or implementing the state intervention in agricultural markets (intermediary institutions between the state and the rural society); the role of the state in the diffusion of agricultural cooperatives and other farm associations (legislation, state technical and financial support, etc.); the growing influence of agricultural associations in politics, empowering farmers but also paving the way to corporatist solutions, … We would like to be able to compare and discuss different experiences in Europe regarding the growing organized capitalism within agriculture, looking at the changing role of the state and the agricultural associations.
If you are interested in participating, please send an abstract (max. 200 words) and a short CV to j.planas@ub.edu or anton.schuurman@wur.nl